Foraminal stenosis

3 things to know first

1. The narrowed space is a nerve exit. It is different from narrowing of the central spinal canal.
2. Images and symptoms may not match. A narrow opening does not always cause pain.
3. Side and level matter. They should be compared with your symptoms and examination.

What it is

Each spinal nerve leaves the spine through a small side opening called a neural foramen. Foraminal stenosis means that opening has become narrower, often because of disc height loss, a bulging disc, or joint and bone changes.

Why it appears on your report

MRI or CT can show the involved level, side, and degree of narrowing. A report may say mild, moderate, or severe; these are imaging descriptions, not a direct measure of pain or disability.

How serious is it

It matters most when symptoms follow the pathway of the nerve exiting at that level, such as arm or leg pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness. The clinician will compare the scan with the neurological examination.

When to seek care urgently

Get urgent assessment for new or progressive weakness, difficulty walking, or loss of bladder or bowel control.

What usually happens next

1. Match the side and spinal level with symptoms.
2. Review nearby disc and joint findings.
3. Discuss treatment or further evaluation with your clinician.

Further reading

• RadiologyInfo — Spine MRI
• RadiologyInfo — Myelography